Social aspirations in European banks: peer-influenced risk behaviour

We test a sample of 3,586 banks from 33 European countries to determine whether performances above or below a social aspiration level (median performance of peer banks) influence banks’ aggregate risk levels. Our results are consistent with the behavioural theory of the firm and prospect theory in that we find that bank performance below a bank’s social aspiration level is followed by increased aggregate risk, i.e. risk-taking behaviour in the subsequent year. Although under-performing banks tend to be risk-takers, large banks and banks with high aggregate risk levels tend to limit the increase in their aggregate risk levels.     

Credit risk pricing and the rationality of lending decision-making within dual banking systems: A parametric approach

The reduction of non-performing loans, and making correct provisions for them, plays a primary role in the management and minimization of banking credit risk. However, these actions depend primarily upon the cost at which banks may dispose of these bad loans. Hence, this study aims to perceive the price of banks’ credit risk via estimating the shadow price of non-performing loans. We assess and compare the perceived price of the credit risk of Islamic and conventional banks operating in 9 countries from the Middle East and Asia, using a quadratic directional distance function. Following this, we evaluate the impact of different settings of directional vectors on shadow prices by conducting a risk-sensitivity analysis. Applying bootstrap regression, the factors affecting NPLs’ prices are further investigated. The paper concludes that the estimation of the shadow prices of bad loans can provide important elements in favor of credit risk management and, therefore, credit risk mitigation.     

Using reputation for corporate sustainability to tackle banks digitalization challenges

The new landscape in the financial sector, characterized by fierce competition and the entrance of new technological players, has forced banks to speed up their digital transformation. However, for banks, digitalization entails challenges that can hinder the potential benefits and compromise their survival. In this context, we argue that the reputation generated by corporate sustainability (RCS) may offset these digitalization drawbacks. In particular, we find that the combination of RCS and digitalization facilitates in transforming the organizational nature of banks by simultaneously narrowing their boundaries and expanding their scope. We empirically confirm our hypotheses by analyzing a panel of 110 multinational banks from developed countries.     

Bank distress prediction: Empirical evidence from the Gulf Cooperation Council countries

In this paper we apply a simple hazard model to develop an early warning system of bank distress in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries. Specifically, we identify a set of leading indicators of bank distress that are used subsequently to predict the probability of bank failure in these countries. The investigation covers a wide set of bank level variables and other variables including the influence of bank management, competition, diversification, ownership and regulation. Similar to the previous empirical evidence, we found that good management lowers the likelihood of distress. Moreover, competition and diversification were found to be bad for the health of banks. This result is consistent with some empirical evidence on diversification; however, it contradicts the bulk of literature on competition, which suggests a negative influence on the probability of distress. The ownership structure and the capital requirement index were uninformative. Similar to the previous literature, the institutional development index was statistically relevant predictor. The bank specific and other CAMEL type variables as well as the systematic shocks in the financial and macroeconomic environment were all found to be in line with the findings of related empirical studies. Finally, we find that by conditioning on the relevant covariates, a simple hazard model has performed fairly well in predicting bank distress in the GCC countries.     

Bringing back Thrift Week: Neo-liberalism and the rediscovery of thrift

The paper examines and compares the movements for promoting working-class savings in the modern USA and in Great Britain in the 19th century. It explores the use of savings as a technology for managing individuals’ behaviour and motives and the nature of the government objectives which are served by these parallel projects.     

对我国商业银行中间业务的定价机制与风险管理的思考

商业银行中间业务经营成本主要有：人力费用成本、物力消耗成本、风险产品承受成本。定价机理应采用经营成本收费制度，建立全成本核算体系。遵循合理、公平、诚信和质价相符的中间业务定价原则，积极加强与客户的沟通与告知；遵循中间业务定价流程，进行客户层次细分和市场定位；运用SWOT分析法，谋求竞争定价与实行差别定价，积极加强与同业的合作，防止恶性竞争；坚持服务性能创新，提高服务附加值含金量；适时对银行员工进行培训，积极让员工参与定价决策；适应开放型定价的趋势和要求，酌情考虑产品的关系定价。与此同时应强化担保承诺类表外业务的信用风险管理，交易类中间业务的市场风险管理，服务类中间业务的操作风险管理，而表外业务的信用风险和市场风险管理是风险管理重点。此外，商业银行开展中间业务还应防范政策风险和法律风险。     

国际金融一体化障碍分析

国际金融市场一体化是一把双刃剑，获得收益的同时还伴随着风险。因此无论是发达国家还是发展中国家都会不同程度的管制金融市场。本讨论了各国对国内金融市场进行管制的主观原因及其表现形式：进入限制。同时还指出了限制金融一体化的翻度原因，提出了一些建议，国际社会需要一个更有权威性和执行性的国际机构。     

我国股份制商业银行治理结构对银行绩效影响的实证分析

文章运用EVA这一衡量公司治理绩效的新指标,对我国股份制商业银行治理结构作了回归分析。结果表明,第一大股东持股比例及国有性质与绩效正相关,董事会规模及高管人员薪酬与EVA回报率呈负相关关系,高管人员持股也对银行绩效产生正向影响,而股权集中度、董事会会议次数、监事会规模及会议次数、银行规模均未对银行绩效产生影响。     

我国网上银行监管问题与对策

网上银行的发展作为高科技带来的金融创新对各国银行监管提出了挑战,目前我国网上银行已有一定程度的发展,但在监管方面监管还刚刚起步,还存在着许多需要解决的问题。在考察我国网络银行发展及其监管的基础上,提出相关监管对策,以期改善我国网上银行监管。     

人民币业务全面开放对广东中资银行的挑战

人民币业务全面开放后,广东中资银行将在现有竞争格局、现有市场份额、核心盈利能力、业务结构和盈利模式、从"混业经营"向"综合经营"过渡、金融创新能力、风险管理能力、利用信息技术支撑业务发展、吸引和培养人才机制等方面接受挑战.